مقایسه تطبیقی بین گردشگری شهری و پایداری محیطی (نمونه‌های مورد مطالعه: شهرهای شرقاط و تکریت)

نوع مقاله : مقاله مستخرج از پایان نامه

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه مراغه، مراغه، ایران.

2 گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه مراغه، مراغه، ایران.

چکیده
پژوهش حاضر با هدف مقایسه تطبیقی وضعیت گردشگری شهری و پایداری محیطی در دو شهر شرقاط و تکریت انجام شده است. روش تحقیق توصیفی-تحلیلی بوده و داده‌ها از طریق پرسش‌نامه طیف لیکرت پنج‌درجه‌ای از 220 نفر از شهروندان (111 نفر از تکریت و 109 نفر از شرقاط) جمع‌آوری شده است. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها از آزمون تی دو نمونه مستقل و آزمون لوین استفاده گردیده است. شاخص‌های مورد بررسی شامل ابعاد اقتصادی گردشگری (میزان درآمد و تعداد گردشگران ورودی)، ابعاد اجتماعی (رضایت ساکنان)، کیفیت خدمات و زیرساخت‌های گردشگری، و شاخص‌های زیست‌محیطی شامل کیفیت هوا، آب آشامیدنی، مدیریت پسماند، کنترل آلودگی صوتی و حفاظت از منابع طبیعی بوده است. نتایج نشان داد که شهر تکریت در تمامی شاخص‌های مورد بررسی عملکرد بهتری نسبت به شرقاط داشته است. در بعد اقتصادی، میانگین درآمد از گردشگری در تکریت 92/3 در مقابل 75/2 در شرقاط و تعداد گردشگران ورودی 64/3 در مقابل 77/2 بوده است. رضایت ساکنان از توسعه گردشگری در تکریت 52/3 نسبت به 73/2 در شرقاط، کیفیت خدمات گردشگری 66/3 در مقابل 61/2 و زیرساخت‌های گردشگری 62/3 در مقابل 67/2 بوده است. در شاخص‌های زیست‌محیطی نیز تکریت برتری قابل‌توجهی نشان داده است: کیفیت هوا 70/3 در مقابل 68/2، وضعیت آب آشامیدنی 58/3 در مقابل 68/2، مدیریت پسماند 62/3 در مقابل 60/2، کنترل آلودگی صوتی 60/3 در مقابل 72/2 و حفاظت از منابع طبیعی 62/3 در مقابل 66/2. تمامی این تفاوت‌ها در سطح معناداری 000/0 تأیید شده‌اند. یافته‌ها نشان‌دهنده آن است که تکریت الگوی موفقی از توسعه گردشگری پایدار را تحقق بخشیده که در آن تعادل مطلوبی میان رشد اقتصادی و حفاظت محیطی برقرار شده است. این شهر از پتانسیل بالاتری برای توسعه گردشگری پایدار برخوردار بوده و شرایط مناسب‌تری برای جذب گردشگر و حفظ محیط زیست فراهم آورده است. در مقابل، شرقاط نیاز به بازنگری در سیاست‌ها و برنامه‌ریزی یکپارچه جهت بهبود وضعیت موجود دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله English

A Comparative Analysis of Urban Tourism and Environmental Sustainability (Case Studies of Sharqat and Tikrit Cities)

نویسندگان English

Manijeh Lalehpour 1
Houshang Sarvar 1
Ahmad Abdulaziz Abdulwahab 2
1 a. Associate Professor, Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Faculty of Humanities, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran.
2 c. Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Faculty of Humanities, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran.
چکیده English

This study aims to conduct a comparative analysis of the status of urban tourism and environmental sustainability in the cities of Sharqat and Tikrit. The research adopts a descriptive–analytical approach, and the data were collected through a five-point Likert-scale questionnaire distributed among 220 residents (111 from Tikrit and 109 from Sharqat). Data analysis was performed using the independent samples t-test and Levene’s test. The examined indicators include the economic dimensions of tourism (tourism-generated income and the number of incoming tourists), social dimensions (residents’ satisfaction), the quality of tourism services and infrastructure, as well as environmental indicators such as air quality, drinking water quality, waste management, noise pollution control, and the protection of natural resources. The results indicate that Tikrit outperformed Sharqat across all examined indicators. In the economic dimension, the mean tourism income in Tikrit was 3.92 compared to 2.75 in Sharqat, while the number of visiting tourists recorded means of 3.64 and 2.77, respectively. Residents’ satisfaction with tourism development was higher in Tikrit (3.52) than in Sharqat (2.73). Similarly, the quality of tourism services (3.66 vs. 2.61) and tourism infrastructure (3.62 vs. 2.67) showed superior performance in Tikrit. Regarding environmental indicators, Tikrit demonstrated a significant advantage: air quality (3.70 vs. 2.68), drinking water quality (3.58 vs. 2.68), waste management (3.62 vs. 2.60), noise pollution control (3.60 vs. 2.72), and protection of natural resources (3.62 vs. 2.66). All observed differences were statistically significant at the 0.000 level. The findings suggest that Tikrit represents a successful model of sustainable tourism development, achieving a desirable balance between economic growth and environmental protection. The city exhibits greater potential for sustainable urban tourism development and provides more favorable conditions for attracting tourists while preserving environmental quality. In contrast, Sharqat requires a reassessment of its policies and the adoption of integrated planning strategies to improve its current situation.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Urban tourism
Environmental sustainability
Comparative analysis
Sharqat
Tikrit
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